In this paper, the effects of water environment and cyclic loading on the KI-V characteristics were studied by the crack growth tests using double torsion (DT) method under static and cyclic loading in both environments of air and water for the bio-ceramics of glass ceramics, mica glass ceramics, alumina and zirconia.

By statistic analysis of practical data of submerged-arc furnace,this study has established a mathematic model concerning with electricity consumption,output of ferrosilicon and average power,by which the rational operation load of the furnace and the overload are discussed.