Taking Ti-B4C-C and Ni-Al self-melt composite powders as the reactive flame spraying system,Ti(Cx,Ny)-TiB2-NimAln gradient transition coatings were prepared on the metal substrate by the technology of reactive flame spraying.

Calculation for pressure gradients of two-phase flow for steam injection in thermal production wells;

A convenient model of pressure gradient calculation of gas-liquid slug flow in vertical wellbore;

Predicting pressure gradient of fluid in oil tubing on the condition of continuous gas-lift;

Processing of turmeric oleoresin from turmeric by gradient boost and static-dynamic extraction of supercritical CO2 fluid are studied.

There are 3 ordinary and 2 hight pressure systems in the middle Yakela fault block based on the statistical analysis of the pressure gradient,retregressive analysis between hypogeic pressure and deep,geologic study between reservoir forming stages and hight pressure.

The pressure gradient of the lithosphere is a key to explain various geological processes, and it changes complicatedly with time and space as the geothermal gradient does.

By using a voltage gradient program, the eight aromatic amines were all separated well.

Adding a appropriate amount of SiO2 to ZnO ceramics leads to incrcase a value and voltage gradient of the varistor, to decrease leakage current and to raise withstanding surge current, that results in making ZnO varistors with excellent performance.

The AC flashover voltage, voltage gradient along the leakage distance, valid coefficient of creepage distance and the arc advancing path of polluted insulators are related to its materials and configuration.