A Ringbom error formula and its applications to use indirect metallic indicator for the endpoint;

This method provides easy operation and clear titration endpoint ,and is accurate,reliable and with good repeatability .

This paper reports on an improvement on the method of using PAN asan indicator in assaying aluminum, which involves adding non-ionicsurfactantTritonx-100 and results in sensitive endpoint discolouration, greater contras-tiveness, quicker reaction, and greater sensitivity and accuracy of the assay.

Finding end points in Potentiometric titration with software;

New method of definiting end point when isocyanato content is determined;

Judgment of the end point of intermediate myasthenia syndrome;

Alkali admixture is determined by automatic electric potential titration and One ank-derivative curve to determine titration terminal point.

Converter end-point control regression model based on radiation information analysis;

When titration method was used for determination of grain fatty acid value,judgement of the indicator's end-point was often interfered by the inherent colour of grain samples.

The determination of the end of coking process is an important problem for coke oven plant managers, The aim of this study is to apply on-line GG analysis of raw coke oven gas to determine the end-point and compare its results with criteria based on temperature control at the centre of the charge.