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1)  additional thrust
附加推力
2)  bulkhead additive thrust
正面附加推力
1.
Assuming soil is not drained,the computing formulas of soil vertical deformation induced both by bulkhead additive thrust,force of friction between shield and soil,and force of friction between follow-up pipes and soil are derived from the Mindlin solution in elastic mechanics.
假定土体不排水,利用弹性力学的Mindlin解推导了顶管正面附加推力、掘进机和后续管道与土体之间的摩擦力引起的土体垂直变形计算公式。
2.
The computing formulas of superimposed load on adjacent level parallel pipe induced both by bulkhead additive thrust,force of friction between shield and soil,and force of friction between follow-up pipes and soil are derived from the Mindlin solution in elastic mechanics.
利用弹性力学的Mindlin解,推导得到顶管正面附加推力、掘进机和后续管道与土体之间的摩擦力在相邻水平平行管道上引起的附加荷载计算公式。
3.
Assuming soil was undrained,the computing formulae of ground deformation induced by both bulkhead additive thrust and friction force between shield and soil were derived from the Mindlin solution in elastic mechanics.
假定土体不排水,利用弹性力学的Mindlin解,推导正面附加推力、盾壳与土体之间的摩擦力引起的地面变形计算公式;提出土体损失引起的三维地面变形计算公式。
3)  propellant attaching
推力吸附
4)  additional thrust fin
舵附推力鳍
1.
Research on performance of rudder with additional thrust fin by panel method;
面元法计算桨后舵附推力鳍水动力性能
2.
In this paper, panel method and CFD software FLUENT have been used for the calculation of the interaction of propeller and rudder with additional thrust fin.
本文采用面元法理论以及计算流体力学软件FLUENT对螺旋桨与舵附推力鳍组合体系统进行了理论计算。
5)  additional stress
附加应力
1.
Research on numerical simulations of displacement deformation and additional stress for buildings in mining active area;
采动区建筑物移动变形及附加应力数值模拟研究
2.
Finite element analysis of the additional stress in the large oil tank foundation;
大型油罐地基中附加应力的有限元分析
3.
Analysis of sand drain ground consolidation considering additional stress distribution;
附加应力沿深度变化的砂井地基固结分析
6)  additional force
附加力
1.
Study on distributing rule of additional force of compressible shaft wall in hydrophobic settlement stratum;
疏水沉降地层竖向可缩性井壁附加力分布规律研究
2.
Analysis of additional force on hydraulic support;
液压支架承受附加力的分析
3.
Analysis of additional force to jointless track on steel truss bridge;
钢桁梁桥上无缝线路附加力分析
补充资料:推力
      推动飞行器运动的力。它是作用在发动机内、外表面或推进器(如螺旋桨)上各种力的合力。在带有螺旋桨的推进系统中,螺旋桨推动空气沿飞行相反方向流动,其动量增加,对螺旋桨产生反作用力即推力。螺旋桨往往装在发动机前方,所以它产生推动飞行器运动的力也称拉力。喷气发动机的推力是由向飞行反方向直接喷射高速气流而产生的。假设流过发动机外部的气流无摩擦损失,压力恰好是大气压力时,空气喷气发动机和火箭发动机的推力可分别用下列公式表达:
  
F空气=(凚ɑ+凚r)Ve-凚ɑV+Ae(pe-pɑ),


  
F火箭=凚Ve+Ae(pe-pɑ)


  式中凚ɑ、凚r、凚分别为空气、燃油和推进剂的质量流量,Ve、pe为喷管出口处工质的流速和静压,V为飞行器的飞行速度,pɑ为周围环境的大气压力,Ae为喷管出口处的截面积。(凚ɑ+凚r)Ve-凚ɑV和凚Ve为动量变化产生的推力,其中凚ɑV为冲压阻力,Ae(pe-pɑ)为压力推力,在火箭发动机上常称 凚Ve为动量推力。发动机的最高燃气温度直接影响排气速度,在一般的工作状态下,燃气温度越高,发动机的推力就越大;通过发动机的工质的质量流量越大,发动机推力也越大。在海平面标准大气条件下,飞行器处于静止状态时发动机产生的推力称为海平面静推力。火箭发动机在接近真空环境下产生的推力称为真空推力。对于空气喷气发动机,单位质量流量空气所产生的推力称为单位推力。推力与发动机最大截面积之比称为单位面积推力。现代空气喷气发动机的海平面静推力从几千牛到200千牛(1公斤力=9.8牛);单台火箭发动机的推力从0.02牛到几兆牛。
  

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