Based on the observations on precipitation,ice and snow melt,evaporation and runoff in the mountainous basin of the rmqi River,which is located at the north flank of the middle Chinese Tianshan Mountains,the runoff formation processes are discussed in this paper.

Based on the measurement of energy balance on a glacier at the source area of the Urumqi River on the Tianshan Mountain druing the ablation seasons from June to August of 1986 and 1987, a parameterized energy balance model of glacier melting is developed with standard meteorological elements.

At the glacier ablation region with attitude of 3 020～4 250 m a.

During July 4 to August 8 in 2001, an observation of glacier ablation was made on the area between 4 460 m to 4 600 m a.

The elementary stratigraphy of the middle Okinawa Trough since the last deglaciation;