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1)  digging step
开挖步
2)  staged excavation
分步开挖
1.
And the changes of the stress field and bias field of the surrounding rock of the tunnel under two kinds of conditions and with the staged excavation are obtained as well as the stability analysis of the surrounding r.
得到了两种情况下的隧道围岩在分步开挖时的应力场、位移场的变化情况,以及围岩稳定性的分析。
3)  excavation by steps
分步开挖
1.
Studies on displacements and earth pressures of pit-retaining structure during excavation by steps;
分步开挖过程中基坑支护结构的变形和土压力性状研究
2.
At the same time,some calculating methods of earth pressures are discussed,such as estimating water and earth pressures together,estimating water and earth pressures separately,excavation by steps according to the construction process,earth pressures c.
根据基坑支护工程的设计计算理论与工程实践的发展与动态,参阅大量相关资料,结合近年的研究成果,对支护结构土压力计算理论的创新与发展进行了分析,并对水土合算、水土分算、考虑施工过程的分步开挖、考虑渗流时的土压力计算方法进行了论述。
3.
Equation of ultimate state of active earth pressure loading increment on retaining wall in foundation pit during excavation by steps is set up;coefficient of sorting of earth pressure loading conforming to the requirement of reliability is given;problems in earth pressure calculation during excavation by steps are analyzed.
以朗金土压力公式为基础,建立了分步开挖基坑挡土墙上主动土压力荷载增量的极限状态方程,给出了符合可靠度要求的土压力荷载的分项系数;分析了分步开挖时土压力计算中应注意的问题,并分析研究了土性参数的变异性与荷载分项系数对土压力可靠度计算的影响。
4)  stepped excavation
分步开挖
1.
Based on unsteady seepage theory and doublelayered ground consolidation theory,analytical formulas for calculating the water head in active and passive zones of a foundation pit during stepped excavation were derived.
基于非稳定渗流理论及双层地基固结理论,推导了基坑分步开挖时主动区和被动区的水头计算公式,并通过算例详细讨论了基坑分步开挖诱发的渗流对作用在地下墙上的水压力、土压力及侧压力的影响。
5)  step by step excavation
分步开挖
1.
It studied the variation of the horizontal displacement and stress resulted from the step by step excavation of the circular work well for pipe-jacking,and the characteristics of the horizontal stress on the frame bracing structure.
针对典型的圆形顶管工作井,采用三维有限差分程序FLAC3D法,建立了数值模拟模型,研究了圆形顶管工作井分步开挖引起的土体水平位移及水平应力变化,以及围护结构所受水平应力的分布特征。
6)  excavation step
开挖步骤
补充资料:七步──周行七步
【七步──周行七步】
  ﹝出涅槃经﹞
  周者,周匝四方,上下四维也。经云:如来于阎浮提林微尼园,示现从母摩耶而生,生已,即周行七步,唱如是言:我于天、人、阿修罗中,最尊最上。父母人天,见已惊喜,生希有心,而诸人等,谓是婴儿。而我此身,无量劫来,久离是法。如来身者,即是法身,非是肉血筋脉骨髓之所成立。随顺世间众生法,故示为婴儿也。(梵语阎浮提,华言胜金洲。梵语林微尼,或云蓝毗尼,华言解脱处。摩耶,梵语具云摩诃摩耶,华言大术佛母也。梵语阿修罗,华言无端正。婴儿者,小儿也。劫,梵语具云劫波,华言分别时节。)
  [一、南行七步],南行七步者,示现欲为无量众生作上福田故也。
  [二、西行七步],西行七步者,示现生尽,永断老死,是最后身故也。
  [三、北行七步],北行七步者,示现已度诸有生死故也。
  [四、东行七步],东行七步者,示为众生而作导首故也。
  [五、四维行七步],四维者,东南、东北、西南、西北也。四维行七步者,示现断灭种种烦恼,四魔种性,成于如来,应正遍知故也。(四魔者,天魔、阴魔、死魔、烦恼魔也。正遍知者,即如来十号之一也。)
  [六、上行七步],上行者,谓升虚空而行也。上行七步者,示现不为不净之物之所染污,犹如虚空故也。
  [七、下行七步],下行者,谓从虚空而下也。下行七步者,示现法雨灭地狱火,令彼众生受安隐乐。为毁禁戒者,示作霜雹,而能净洗其故也。
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