As a custom originated from the ancient German peoples, and formalized by the Christian Church, the ordeal is often regarded as an "irrational" and "primitive" procedure by Western scholars.

Exploring the implication of minority customary law——Starting from the ordeal of "Tongdela";

This article cites abundant historical documents to expound how the law has developed from divine judgement to human judgement in our country, or the history of the developing law from its emergence.

Spiritual Sympathy of Pilgrim s Progress and Journey to the West——A comparison in religious features and critical spirit between two novels;

Integration of critical spirits—On the origin of Feyerabend s philosophical thought;

Zhuang Zi s critical spirit viewed from the three definitions of "Qiwu;