【Objective】To explore the possible risk factors of lung cancer among non-smoking women based on an on-going prospective and population-based women cohort in urban Shanghai,and try to provide scientific evidences for the prevention and control of female lung cancer.

All subjects were unrelated ethnic Han Chinese and lifetime non-smoking women from northeastern China.

For the past few years,along with the returning of drug crimes in China,the number of drug addicts is rising year by year,especially,female drug addicts increase rapidly,which has made a great social threat.

Study on risk behavior characteristic of HIV among female drug users;

Objective To measure the prevalence of HIV-related risk behaviours among female drug users in Guangdong province, understand the sociocultural context of the risk-taking activities and explore the risk factors of HIV infection in order to develop appropriate gender-specific HIV intervention strategies among female drug users.