New-Army-Building and Industry-Boosting were regarded by emperors as the “urgent task” and “ultimate source” respectively during the period of New Deal in the end of the Qing Dynasty, and these were the important policies for the rising of whole country.

It will be study in this paper that the use of the industry and industrial rejuvenation, the relationship between the mercatilistic ideology and the industrial rejuvenation ideology, the developing procers of the trend of industrial rejuvenation thoughts, the initiator of the industrial rejuvenation ideology.

Zhang Zhidong s thoughts of developing commerce included such contents as attaching importance to the status and function of commerce, claiming government encouraging trade to open ethos ,turning on wisdom of commerce to promote business affairs, organizing framework to direct business affairs, drawing laws of commerce to standardize trade movement.