The orthodox ideas in Chinese history,which first emerged from the debate between Huaxia and barbarians,consist of three components: national,political and cultural legitimacy,which in turn reflect in historiography,legitimacy of history,including the contention of Huaxia,ideas of unification of the whole country,and the theory of soldiery and loyalty.

From the analysis of the changes of political geographical map due to internal friction,the following conclusion can be drawn:the direct reason for territory changes was the wars between opposite regimes;restricted function of geographic conditions determined the trend and extent of the territory changes;orthodox ideas influenced some characteristics of the frontier changes.

Both the state and the civil agree on the abstract principle that "justice means the consistency between rights and obligations",but disagree when it comes to the concrete contents of obligations, showing a conflict in the understanding of individual obligations and family obligations.