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1)  Former acts
先行为
2)  antecedent actions
先行行为
1.
The antecedent actions which can arouse obligations should cause the actual,particular and impendent danger to the legal interests.
引起作为义务的先行行为应当是对法益安全造成了现实、具体、紧迫危险的行为,先行行为具有直接性、高概然性、临近性三个特征。
2.
There is dispute on whether antecedent actions are the source of act duty in omission crimes.
先行行为作为不纯正不作为犯罪作为义务的形式,并非毫无疑义,但由于不作为与作为在原因力上的差异以及为了避免刑罚处罚的空隙,除几种特殊情形外一般应肯定先行行为作为义务来源。
3.
It is suitable for the act duty from antecedent actions to be stipulated separately in the general part of criminal law.
在我国先行行为之作为义务的立法宜采总则模式单独列明,其中不作为犯与作为犯的等价性条款需要多个判断标准综合设置。
3)  first action
先行行为
1.
In the situation that first action is only legal action or illegal action,because it does not concern the problem of crime number,we can directly judge it according to criminal law.
先行行为不仅包括合法行为、违法行为,而且可以是犯罪行为。
4)  Advance behavior
先行行为
1.
Achievement of duty the advance behavior only can be the legal duty,cannot be the moral duty, otherwise, can expand the crime scope,violates the crime punishment legal principle.
先行行为之作为义务只能是法律义务,不能是道德义务,否则,就会扩大犯罪范围,违反罪刑法定原则。
5)  previous act
先行行为
1.
As to thenegative crime,the previous act is bearing lethal weapons which include obvious weapons and hidden weapons,and the subse-quent act is carrying out robberies.
消极转化型抢劫罪以携带凶器为先行行为,以抢夺行为为后续行为。
6)  antecedent act
先行行为
1.
There are three pieces of act duty :setted in law,demanded by vocation and caused by antecedent act.
作为义务有: 法律规定的义务, 职务或业务要求的义务, 先行行为引起的义务。
2.
There are three pieces of act duty: setted in law, demanded by vocation and caused by antecedent act.
不作为犯罪的义务来源是不作为犯罪理论的核心问题 ,其义务来源有三项 :法律规定的义务 ,职务或业务上要求的义务 ,先行行为产生的义务。
补充资料:答裴侍御先行至石头驿以书见招期月满泛洞庭
【诗文】:
君至石头驿,寄书黄鹤楼。开缄识远意,速此南行舟。
风水无定准,湍波或滞留。忆昨新月生,西檐若琼钩。
今来何所似,破镜悬清秋。恨不三五明,平湖泛澄流。
此欢竟莫遂,狂杀王子猷。巴陵定遥远,持赠解人忧。



【注释】:



【出处】:
全唐诗:卷178_27
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