Meanwhile, Austin in this theory suggests three kinds of acts: locutionary act, illocutionary act and perlocutionary act, in which perlocutionary act is the least studied.

The essence of advertising should be a kind of parole act, on the base of it, advertising stress can be divided into three arrangements, that is, locutionary act; illocutionary act; and perlocutionary act.

The researches about how the figures of speech realizing the perlocutionary effect in ECA turn out to be the area lacking of due attention.

Perlocutionary Equivalence and the Translation of Pragmatic Vocative Texts;