Asymmetric anode substrate and rapid-raise temperature were the main factors of anode substrate warp and crack under molding pressure 25-250 MPa.

LSGM+NiO anode substrates for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells were fabricated and the relationships between porosity pore radii distribution, electrical conductivity of the substrate and its composition were studied.

Preparation of anode substrate membranes, as the mechanical supports of SOFC PEN sandwich structure, is the most pivotal technique.

The factors that influence the thickness non-uniformity include the shape of the evaporator,the relative position of the evaporator with the photocathode substrate,the binding energy needed by the Cs/Te atom to complete the mechanical reaction on the photocathode substrate and the tempe.

Different amount of pore-former was added into the anode substrates.

In order to avoid the cell deformation,the sintered temperatures of anode substrates were changed,shrinking rate of anode substrates matched with that of electrolyte,the optimal sintered temperature of anode was got.