On the Difference of Intelligence Activities between European and American Missionaries and Japanese Monks in Modern Times;

American Missionaries and Chinese Modern School Education;

Between the First Opium War and the Westernization Movement, there appeared in China translating institutions with special characteristics, which almost were religious institutions in which American missionaries in China played a positive role that could not be replaced by the Chinese then, and their versions produced quite an important effect.

From 1880s,American missionaries arrived in Hainan.

Under the circumstances of Chinese opening her ports to the outside world in the middle of the 19th century, Fuzhou became an important port opening to the outside, which the American missionaries entered, who took part in a lot of cultural exchange activities at the same time they spread religion.

Allen was an American missionary of the late Qing Dynastry,and his activity in China was destined to have various relationships with Chinese and American politics then,especially his Western translation had a close relation with the late Qing Dynasty s political revolution.

The translation of the Western Learning by British and American missionaries in China in the late Qing Dynasty is one important part of China s third translation climax, a rare strong tone in the prelude of the wave.