1) rules of selecting scholar-officials
选士制度
1.
The evolution of the imperial civil examination rules in ancient China,based on rules of selecting scholar-officials and impartial rules of nine grades of official rank,lasted more than 1300 years,from Sui and Tang Dynasty to the Reign of Kuang-Hus in Qing Dgnasty.
在中国古代选士制度和九品中正制度的基础之上产生和发展起来的科举制度 ,从隋唐之际到清朝光绪年间 ,历时 13 0 0余年 ,经历了自身的演化发展过程。
2) postgraduate recruit examination system
硕士生选拔制度
3) academician system
院士制度
1.
This paper introduces the American academician system, its characteristics--an independent, incompact self-managing reference organization without the title of "academician" but "member", the diversified funding systems, and its objective and independent academician election system as well as the currect problems.
本文介绍了美国的院士制度及其特点 ,即没有院士 ,只有会员 ,是独立于政府的、松散的自我管理的咨询机构。
2.
On the one hand,it is the result of the development of science and technology;On the other hand, it is also the crystal formed by the own development of academician system within hundreds of years.
这一方面是当代科学技术发展的结果,也是几百年来院士制度自身发展的结晶。
3.
As a result,the academician system has been alienated and affected the academic ethos and tradition,resulting in a domination of influence and fame over knowledge and truth.
结果,物极而返,使得院士制度开始发生异化,并逐渐殃及学风、道德和传统,使科技界出现权力日益压倒学识和真理的倾向。
4) chivalry
[英]['ʃɪvəlri] [美]['ʃɪvḷrɪ]
骑士制度
1.
The Historical Effects of Chivalry s Decline Towards British Society;
试析骑士制度的衰落对英国社会的历史影响
6) Non-commissioned officer constitution
士官制度
补充资料：选士制度
| 选士制度 中国清代以前历代统治阶级按照一定标准选拔人才的制度。开始于西周（一说始于春秋）。据古籍记载，当时选士形式有：①乡里选士，由各乡里逐级选拔秀士、选士、俊士、造士、进士。最后由司马把进士之贤者举荐给天子，任官封爵。②宾兴之制，三年举行一次，选举贤能。春秋战国之际，养士之风起，当时士子进身途径靠请谒荐举和诸侯召见。汉代选士，一是任子，即靠世袭入仕，二是计吏入官，三是纳赀入仕，四是选举入仕。选举又分两类：一叫贤良方正，由公卿郡国选举，天子予以策试，诏举无定期。一叫孝廉秀才，由州郡察举，不经考试。安帝时，才加考试，并有年龄限制。此外，还有童子科的选举，年龄在12～16岁之间，能“博通经典”的得入选。西汉另有“公府辟举”法，供官府罗致名士。武帝时建立博士弟子员制度，博士弟子一由太常选补，一由郡国县道邑保举，入太学受业经考试后，按高下任官。太学博士的任用经由征召、荐举、选试。隋以后各王朝设科考试，分科取士，是为科举制度。从此中国选士制度进入另一阶段，直至1905年科举废除为止。 |
说明：补充资料仅用于学习参考，请勿用于其它任何用途。
参考词条