1) factual research
证事
1.
Second, the notes gradually deviated from the form of story toward factual research, thematic commentary and meaning interpretation.
另一方面,诗话逐渐偏离本事的体式,证事变异,议论提升,诠事扩展。
2) civil evidence
民事证据
1.
The discovery system of civil evidence of common law national is different from that of civil law national in respect of the basic constitution of the discovery,namely,the scope,methods of the discovery and the measures of sanction resulting from the violation of the discovery .
英美法系国家的民事证据发现制度虽然在证据发现的范围、发现方法以及违反发现程序规定的制裁措施 ,即基本构造上与大陆法系国家的有关规定不同 ,似乎显得更为详尽、周全。
2.
This paper expounds the main contents of the publication rules of civil evidence and the publication modes in both British and American laws.
民事诉讼证据交换制度虽已包含着我国民事诉讼证据披露规则的基本因素 ,但在民事诉讼立法上民事证据披露尚未作为独立的证据规则予以确立 ,且证据交换集中披露证据在程序上有待进一步改进和完善。
3) post-mordem forensics
事后取证
4) criminal witnesses
刑事证人
1.
In order to identify the facts of the case, the principle of direct and verbal trial is an inevitable requirement of modern litigation system in the trial of criminal cases, and the criminal witnesses must testify in the court.
现代诉讼制度要求刑事案件的审理必须贯彻直接言词原则以便于查明案件事实,而直接言词原则要求刑事证人必须出庭作证;我国相关刑事立法与司法实务中还存在着诸多的问题,在刑事审判实务中检察机关提供证人证言笔录成为证人作证的常态;在刑事立法上建立有效的证人作证传唤制度、完善对证人拒绝出庭作证的强制性措施和制裁条款的规定等成为目前亟需解决的问题。
2.
Criminal witnesses are rich in value, It embodies the procedural fairness and the rule of law to promote the concept of procedures and requirements, It better to protect the defendant’s right of action, will also help to identify the facts.
我国现行的《刑事诉讼法》确立了“控辩式”庭审方式,这一庭审方式要求刑事证人原则上应当出庭接受交叉询问方式进行的质证,必要时还要接受法官的询问。
5) Criminal Cross-examination
刑事质证
1.
A Research on the Improvoement of System of Chinese Criminal Cross-examination;
浅议中国刑事质证制度之完善
6) facts with need not to be proved
免证事实
1.
Res Judicata,which is the basic of pre-definitely facts in decisions as facts with need not to be proved in civil litigation,has not been established completely in our country.
法院裁判对后诉案件具有预决效力,进而使得当事人免于举证的理论基础——既判力,在我国尚未完全确立,且从既判力的角度审视,我国现行立法以及司法实践中的做法都存在诸多不当,故法院裁判预决的事实作为民事诉讼免证事实存在正当性方面的欠缺。
补充资料：事证
【事证】
（术语）事理二证之一。(参见：二证)
（术语）事理二证之一。(参见：二证)
说明：补充资料仅用于学习参考，请勿用于其它任何用途。
参考词条