To construct a modern court system and conform its theories to practice is not only the core of China s court system reform, but also the criterion about a real lawful rule in China.

Adopting standard of speciality to appraise modern court syste m a nd traditional court system respectively， We can find the obvious distinctions between.

On Court Annexed ADR System in China;

Thought of Improvement of Mediation system;

This paper introduces the American academician system, its characteristics--an independent, incompact self-managing reference organization without the title of "academician" but "member", the diversified funding systems, and its objective and independent academician election system as well as the currect problems.

On the one hand,it is the result of the development of science and technology;On the other hand, it is also the crystal formed by the own development of academician system within hundreds of years.

As a result,the academician system has been alienated and affected the academic ethos and tradition,resulting in a domination of influence and fame over knowledge and truth.

The main contents and difficulties on establishing modern hospital system;

The court system reform is one of the crucial parts in the judicial system reform,and is also the most historical phase during the modern course of court system which is originated from the Qing dynasty.

Both Germany and the United Sates belong to federal governments and both of them pursue the doctrine that " the constitution has the supreme effect" and, therefore, their court systems have to submit to the relevant characteristics.