Erlitou, Xia Dynasty and the Study of Early States in China;

Erligang culture in early Shang period originated from the local Luodamiao type and the latter was developed from the pre-Shang culture at Lutaigang in eastern Henan.

A Study of the City Site of Erlitou Culture at Puchengdian;

A Study of the Form Design of the Bronze Wine Vessel of Erlitou Culture;

The first and the second phase of Erlitou culture are two different continuously developing sta- ges in the same culture.

The oracle inscriptions on the cow bone discovered at Erligang Site in Zhengzhou is the earliest one in China so far,which is important to study the origin of the oracle inscriptions on the bones or tortoise shells and the function of the City Site of Shang Dynasty in Zhengzhou.