1) Gongci
贡赐
1.
"Gongci" reflects the financial re-lation of Tibetan local government and the central government, while "Hushi" is the commodity trade deal of Tibet and Han merchants as well as the producers.
“贡”和“市”是不同本质的两个范畴,贡赐体现的是西藏地方政府同中央政府之间的财政关系,互市则是藏汉两地商人(包括国家专营机构)及生产者之间的商品贸易往来,“贡市羁縻”政策是明代中央治藏的财政、商贸政策的合称。
2) exchange of tributing and granting
贡赐贸易
1.
Focusing on the exchange of tributing and granting,the paper studies the economic contact between Hami and the Central Plains during the Ming Dynasty,the rise and fall of this contact as well as the reasons behind them.
本文分哈密建卫前、哈密建卫至成化八年以及成化九年哈密卫内迁后三个时期,以贡赐贸易为中心,对明代哈密与中原地区的经济交往关系之盛衰及其缘由进行了探讨。
补充资料：贡赐
1.纳贡与赏赐。 2.犹进贡。
说明：补充资料仅用于学习参考，请勿用于其它任何用途。