1) tribal military system
部落兵制
1.
It is pointed out in this paper that Northern Wei put emphasis on reforming politics and customs instead of the military system by maintaining the tribal military system,which lagged behind the current administrative system and left behind a hidden danger for the turbulent situation of Northern Wei.
邢峦传》的解读,探讨了邢峦前期襄助孝文帝推进汉化,后期奉宣武帝命奔驰疆场的一生,指出北魏政权在封建化改革中,注重政治和习俗的变革,未对军事制度进行变革,基本保存了部落兵制。
4) Ministry of War
兵部
1.
Of them,the Ministry of War went through a bigger change with power inferior to that in Ming Dynasty.
六部中兵部变化较大,其权限小于明代,一些具体办事机构的分工上也与明代不同。
5) system of officers serving as soldiers in company and functioning in an acting capacity
干部下连当兵代职制度
6) military organization
兵制
1.
Cavalry troop was the important arm of the services,And also the major component of the state military organization in Qing dynasty.
马队于清代兵制中占有重要地位,是清朝经制军队八旗、绿营的主要组成部分。
补充资料:北魏府兵制
府兵制创立于西魏大统十六年(550),设8柱国12大将军、24开府将军,统24军。早期府兵自相督率,自带弓刀,不编户贯,将领无论何族均用鲜卑赐姓,军人也从主帅之姓,带有浓厚的部族兵特色。
隋、唐重建和发展了封建专制主义中央集权制,改革早期府兵制,军户编入民户,军人受田。府兵在乡为农,在军为兵,实行兵农合一、寓兵于农制。府兵调遣、指挥权均归朝廷,中央设16卫(隋初为12卫府),12卫下各辖军府。军府按“中外相维、重首轻足”和“居重驭轻”方略,分布在京城和冲要地区。府兵每年上番宿卫京师,部分驻守军事要地,战时凭符征调。唐代折冲府分上中下三等,统兵800~1200人不等,全国最多时设634府,约60万人。中央禁军除以府兵上番者为南衙禁兵外,还有来自召募的北衙禁兵。
说明:补充资料仅用于学习参考,请勿用于其它任何用途。
参考词条