A series of echocardiograms were made on 20 stud ents without systematic training and on 20 youngster swimmers under different ex perimental conditions at rest,during upgrading loads and during recovery,the res ults of the experiment indicated that training could lead to a remarkable ad aptive change in cardiac shapes and functions.

Model and standard of evaluating land strength development for elite swimmers of Shandong;

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of mononucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of mtDNA hypervariable regions Ⅰ(HVR-Ⅰ) in swimmers and non-athletes of the Han nationality from Shanghai, in order to discuss the physiological mechanism of human athletic capacity at the molecular level.

Objective To study the effects of 2-week LoHi on the aerobic capacity and athletic ability in swimmers.

Comparing with the foreign swimming athletes,the reasons that caused Chinese swimming athletes have lower rate of success in Olympic Games lie in the training principle not accord with practice of modern swimming development,lack of science and loss control before competition resuming.

In order to overcome this phenomenal,one should reinforce the ensure system construction of swimming athletes,and alter the phenomenal that sports divorce from culture.

The authors checked and measured the biochemical indexes of 19 disabled swimming athletes of 2004 national assembled training team in different stages of 7 week s high intensity training.

Survey and analysis on functional epidemiology in relation to Chinese swimmers;

The swimming traction-training in view of documents and materials,mathematical statistics,and research approach can be applied to swimmers from the non-sport major university.

With the methods of documentary data,questionnaire and expert interview,this paper investigates the characteristics of selecting elite swimmers,usual data and existing problems from the angle and the thinking of swimming coaches.