The using of the pecuniary penalty in the environmental crime conforms to the penalty-lightening trend of the times and functions as an effective remedy for the short-term penalty of deprivation of freedom.

On the Theoretical Basis of Broadening the Range of Application of Fine;

Based on appropriate property penalty of the economic crime and judgment practice, this paper discusses the use of punishment against freedom and that of additional property penalty for economic crimes, how to make appropriate fine penalty and the fine amount, and joinder of punishments, and puts forward items that should be noted .

Fine punishment is comparatively common in practice to punish juveniles,the case snitable for fine punishment rises year by year and the dispute about applying fine punishment to juveniles is also ceaseless.

This paper presents a game model between the supplier and the buyer which are the two parts of the bilevel supply chain,and presents a theorem illustrating that there exists an optimal solution of the quatity level and delivery delaying probability as well as corresponding penalty on the supposition that both quality failure and delivery delaying exist.

Forfeit is a penalty stipulated in the new penal code in our country, yet, as the amount and execution of forfeit stipulated are too principled, it s difficult to carry it out, and the amount and the use of the forfeit are some- times confused.

This comparison aims at the perfection of the legislation of forfeit in Chinese mainland.

Meanwhile, full attention should be paid to the criminal fine and other penalty items in this crime.

Approximate computation of penalty function φ(u);

This paper studies the expected discounted penalty function associated with the time of ruin for a risk model with stochastic premium.

In this paper,we consider the "penalty function"of the Risk Model With Compound Poisson-Geometric Process Under a Constant Interest Rate.