After the Opium War,the Chinese traditional shipping system approached the collapse under the foreign capital competition.

This paper initially discussing the relation of introduction of foreign investments to socialism construction, has mainly expounded both the necessity and possibility to build socialism by absorbing and using capitalism civilization for reference.

In the transformation period of the modern age,the status of the international economy had changed between Dutch and Britain,which was to a certain extent with the different performances of the commercial capital.

Based on Marxism Theory on commercial capital turnover, this paper Points out the characteristics of the function of industrial capital and discusses foe influence of commercial capital turnover on the profit of commercial capital and market price by comparing the theory with the function of industrial capital.

In the paper, the author analyzes the important action of the merchant and commercial capital on the small-peasant economy and landlord economy from the period of Warring States and Qin and Han dynasties.

The running of business capitals in Ming and Qing periods is deeply and completely reflected in literary works.