1) old bureaucracy
旧官僚
1.
In the period of the 1911 Revolution,the Great Game among the constitutionalist,bourgeois revolutionary school and the old bureaucracy in Manchuria was so drastic surrounding the aim of the old bureaucracy who was attempted to keep Manchuria independence by supporting the Qing emperor.
辛亥革命期间,东三省的封建旧官僚要求"保皇独立",围绕这一问题立宪派、旧官僚、革命党人以及宗社党等各种政治力量展开了大角逐。
2) bureaucracy
[英][bjʊə'rɔkrəsi] [美][bju'rɑkrəsɪ]
官僚
1.
Meanwhile,Marx criticized Hegel s claim that bureaucracy is honest and therefore represented the view of the general class.
黑格尔认为,国家用自治机关和官僚机构来调节市民社会间的各种矛盾,官僚政治的基础就是“国家”与“市民社会”、“特殊利益”与“普遍利益”之间的分离。
2.
Based on the bureaucracy utility function model, the paper makes mechanism arrangement and tries to find the rational market equilibrium in market game by employing the backward induction.
文章通过考据与论证,明确指出由于现行体制的束缚,中国的国有企业缺乏真正意义上的企业家,国企的经营者不过是一个有中国特色的官僚与代理人的混合体,并在官僚效用函数模型的基础上进行机制设计,同时运用逆向归纳法求解市场博弈中的合理均衡。
3) bureaucrats
官僚
1.
The rational bureaucracy seeks for the institutional reason and regulates the bureaucrats behaviors and it makes their behavior procedured,rational and legitimate and enables bureaucrats to be "regulated bureaucrats".
理性官僚制追求制度理性,用制度来规束官僚的行为,保证官僚行为的程序性、合理性与合法性,使得官僚成为“规则的官僚”。
2.
Availing themselves of their family background,the family members of the aristocrats and bureaucrats of the Han Dynasty had the privileges to receive the titles of nobility and official positions,collect rental tax of their fiefs,gain large amount of largess from the emperor and be exempted from taxes and corvee.
汉朝贵族官僚的家族成员拥有凭借其家庭出身而获得爵位和任官的特权,有收取封地的租税、获得皇帝的大量赏赐和免除赋役等特权,有减刑和免刑的特权。
4) Bureaucrat
[英]['bjʊərəkræt] [美]['bjurə'kræt]
官僚
1.
Bureaucratism is the principle that bureaucrats utilize the authority in their hands to gain personal benefit but to harm the people s rights and the attitude of separation themselves from the people.
官僚主义是官僚运用手中权力图谋私利而损害人民权利的处事原则和脱离人民群众的思想作风。
2.
The postulate of"Comparing-interests Human"supposes that bureaucrats in public administration is neither selfish nor altruistic, but comparing and balancing multiple interests.
"比较利益人"假设主张官僚在公共管理中的行为动机兼有利己和利他,对多元利益进行比较权衡。
5) bureaucratic law
官僚法
6) Bureaucracy costs
官僚成本
补充资料：和范秘书襄阳旧游（一作和范酂先辈话襄阳旧
【诗文】：
听话扬帆兴，初从岘首还。高吟入白浪，遥坐看青山。
枯木猿啼爽，寒汀鹤步闲。秋来关去梦，几夜度商颜。
【注释】：
【出处】：
全唐诗：卷588-7
听话扬帆兴，初从岘首还。高吟入白浪，遥坐看青山。
枯木猿啼爽，寒汀鹤步闲。秋来关去梦，几夜度商颜。
【注释】：
【出处】：
全唐诗：卷588-7
说明：补充资料仅用于学习参考，请勿用于其它任何用途。
参考词条