Parole,as an execution of punishment system of long history,has profound theoretical elements,which is the expression of subjectivism,doctrine of special defence,educational theory of modern school criminal affairs in the execution of punishment system.

But as an activity of the execution of punishment,it is strongly comprehensive.

From 1850s to modern times, there has been great progress in the concept of execution of punishment, which is the prison, is no longer a place just for detention and punishment, but a one for rehabilitating offenders, and the society also play an increasingly important role in culprits’reintegration.

Issues such as render- ing meritorious service in measuring penalty and classification of meritorious services in penalty execution,classifica- tion of meritorious services of surrendering criminal and non-surrendering criminal,and classification of common meritorious service and major meritorious service and other types are discussed.

The current penalty execution system in China has certain defects,which greatly affects the efficacy of penalty execution and is not conductive to the realization of crime prevention.

This thesis with effecting penalty purpose and protecting human rights of criminals as starting point,beginning with basic theory of penalty execution supervision,expounds the necessity of establishing concrete penalty execution supervision legal system in China and its status in the whole jurisprudence.