1) chama
茶马
1.
Taking the actual situation of zhuma,caicha and muju opera the author experienced in Chun’an of Zhejiang province in 1950s as starting point, the paper textually studies the historical origin of such operas as zhuma, caicha (another name for flower-drum opera) and chama.
本文作者以自20世纪50年代初其亲历的浙江淳安"竹马—采茶—睦剧"实况为切入点,考释"竹马"、"采茶"(及其别称"花鼓"、"花灯")、"茶马"、"‘竹马’与‘采茶’"的历史渊源,考察其现况,析述此类"戏弄"扮演的特征,以及对此类本以"戏弄"扮演为主的戏剧活动在解放后演化为"戏文"的过程及收效提出反思。
2) tea exchange horse"
茶马互市
1.
Analysis of “tea exchange horse”trade in ancient time and su ggestion on international competition;
古代“茶马互市”贸易的分析及对现代贸易的启示
3) Tea-horse Ancient Road
茶马古道
1.
The Southeast Turn of Buddhism Diffusion by Land and the Emergence of the Tea-Horse Ancient Road;
陆路佛教传播路线西南转向与茶马古道的兴起
4) "the Old Tea-Horse Road"
“茶马古道”
1.
Several Thoughts about the Tourism Development of "the Old Tea-Horse Road" in Changdu District;
昌都地区“茶马古道”旅游开发的思考
5) tea-horse trade
茶马贸易
1.
Almost every stage of the rise of the Tibetan tea culture cannot be separated from the horse trading,the tea-horse trade is also based on the propagation of the tea culture in Tibetan area.
藏族茶文化兴起的每个阶段几乎与茶马贸易不相分离;茶马贸易又以茶文化在藏区的传播为依托。
2.
In Tang dynasty, the reasons that Tea-horse trade between Han and Tibet was underdeveloped are following: ruling policy of nationalities, stressing policy of Horse, no forming the mode of drinking tea in Tibet.
茶马贸易的追本溯源 ,不能只着眼于官方贸易 ,民间的贸易因缺乏史料而不得其详。
6) Tea-Horse Law
茶马法
1.
Laws for transporting and selling of tea in Sichuan in Song Dynasty were divided into law for Having Trade Relations,Tea-Horse Law and Chayin law.
宋代四川茶叶运销的法律规定主要有三种:通商法、茶马法、茶引法。
参考词条
补充资料：茶马
| 茶马 中国古代以官茶换取青海、甘肃、四川、西藏等地少数民族马匹的政策和贸易制度。宋神宗熙宁七年（1074）行茶马法，于成都置都大提举茶马司主其政。明洪武四年(1371)，户部确定以陕西、四川茶叶易番马，于是在各产茶地设置茶课司，定有课额。又特设茶马司于秦州（今甘肃天水）、洮州（今甘肃临潭）、河州（今甘肃临夏）、雅州（今四川雅安）等地，专门管理茶马贸易事宜。明代的茶马政策有着明显的政治目的。由于茶是边疆少数民族生活的必需品，因此明统治者严格控制茶叶的生产和运销，并严禁私贩。以茶易马，在满足国家军事需求的同时，也以此作为加强控制少数民族的重要手段和巩固边防、安定少数民族地区的统治策略。后来随着内地与边疆少数民族地区经济交流的发展，民间往往突破明朝政府的禁令进行贸易。后茶马贸易制度崩坏日甚，虽时下禁私茶之令，但民间茶马贸易愈益兴盛。这种贸易往来，不仅促进了内地与青海、甘肃、四川、西藏等少数民族地区经济、文化的交流，对少数民族地区社会经济的发展也起了积极作用。
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