VP ellipsis constructions in English exhibit three typical properties,which are strict and sloppy interpretation ambiguity,locality effect and the eliminative effect.

The generality is significant and it can be found primarily in the following aspects:strict and sloppy interpretation ambiguity,locality effect and the eliminative effect.

Strict and sloppy interpretations ambiguity as well as locality effect and the eliminative puzzles are typical properties of VP ellipsis in English, while these properties can be observed in null object constructions (NOC) and some similar elliptical constructions in Chinese.

problems of local effect are existing in pile testing by reflection wave which influence the accuracy of testing.

The prlblems of local effect are discussed existing in pile testing by reflection stress wave which influence the accuracy of testing.

As its application,local effects in the end.

In structural dynamic analysis, partial effect has always been neglected.

Whereas, partial effect is generally apparent when the density of the material used is great, the external damping coefficient is large and solid-liquid coupling vibration exists within structural system, this has been proved by theory and practice.

Different from the traditional Lattice-Model,the nonlocal effect of material response is considered by means of including the influence of the next to nearest neighbors of the discrete elements.