1) flexible marketing
活卖
1.
From an institutional economics perspective along with abundant documents,it is believed that the cause of the rising of "flexible marketing" and "bargaining" in the late Ming-Qing period lies in the economic benefit pursuing between the related parties.
文章以制度经济学的视角,结合丰富的史料,认为"活卖"与"找价"现象在明清之际兴起的原因在于活卖关系双方对经济利益的追逐;而同样对经济利益的追求导致了活卖与找价脱离了原来的轨道而走向滑稽和不合理;在这个过程当中,司法官员以儒家为主的审判原则也是重要推动因素之一。