Two types of habit characters of the pathogens, conidiophore type and hypha type, are discovered, which display charac teristic features and could be used in regular blotter test for quick identification of the pathogens.

Four long-term agricultural field experiments combined with an laboratory incubation experiment were conducted to evaluate the effect of organic,inorganic and organic+inorganic fertilizer application on δ13C value of soil organic matter(SOM)and humic acid(HA)in black soil,brown soil,meadow soil and paddy soil.

The pot and incubation experiments were carried out with 10 soils by different indexes including organic matter,total nitrogen content and C/N ratio,nitrogen mineralization processes of soils are simulated using logarithmic,exponential and power functions.