1) spin and fractional charge of a particle
粒子的自旋与分数电荷
2) free particles with fractional charge
带分数电荷粒子
3) charged and uncharged particles
荷电粒子与非荷电粒子
4) charge spin separation
电荷-自旋分离
5) spin-charge separation
自旋-电荷分离
1.
Because one of the key features of one-dimensional systems is the phenomenon of spin-charge separation, Charge velocity is also calculates analytically.
由于Luttinger液体的一个重要特性是自旋-电荷分离,因此我们专门讨论了电荷速度的精确表达式,这些量揭示了与极化相关的物理效应。
6) particle with spin 2
自旋为2的粒子
补充资料:分数电荷
见粒子电荷。
说明:补充资料仅用于学习参考,请勿用于其它任何用途。
参考词条