Much attention has been paid to the research on vertical restraint dominated by retailers,especially with the quick expansion and dominant status in Chinese retailing of foreign retailers.

More attentions are paid to the research on vertical restraint dominated by retailers,especially with the quick expansion and dominant status in Chinese retailing of foreign retailers,the discussion on industrial relation effect and economic risks caused by opening retailing market makes the problem become highlighted topic.

Regulation policy directed against vertical restraint by the specialty retailer should be bringed out after a strict inquiry and research, with a view to enhance efficiency of the vertical structure and raise the level of social welfare.

Retailer-Dominated Vertical Restraints:Literature Comments and Policy Implications;

Study on the Entry Mode of the Multinationals under Vertical Restraints;

This paper researches on the characteristics of vertical restraints dominated by retailers.

The effect of different longitudinal restraint conditions was research,that in the main girder on the the static characteristics of the structure and reasonable longitudinal re.

In this paper the influence of longitudinal elastic constraints between the tower and beam on the seismic performance of cable-stayed bridges are analyzed theoretically,and an example is taken to calculate.