The ore-forming materials are mainly derived from the earth core constrained by deep processes and moved up to surface with multi-stages of mantle plume evolution and is contaminated with earth crust materials.

Mantle branch is the third-grade tectonic unit during multiple evolution of mantle plume.

Mantle branch structure is the third-order unit of mantle plume multistage evolution.

Progress in the research on noble gas isotope tracing of the mantle plume and its significance.;

Petrogenesis of the basalts of Woniusi Formation at Baoshan area, Yunnan: Is it of mantle plume origin?;

The debate over mantle plumes and how to test the plume hypothesis;

By way of the melted products of either the margin along the mantle plumes or the partial zones in the subduction period, it emerges at the copper deposits or occurrences in the basalt of Guizhou, and in many aspects there occur similarities with the same sort of the copper deposits in the North American Continent, therefor.

Geochemical studies of komatiites and picrites of different ages suggest that the source of mantle plumes during the Archaean was dominated by depleted MORB-type mantle, and this type of mantle was gradually replaced by enriched OIB.