This paper adopts GARCH model with GED distribution to estimate the conditional VaR in both upside and downside directions at the confidence level of 90% and 95%,and then utilizes the Granger causality in risk to uncover the extreme risk spillover effect between WTI and Daqing oil markets,the daily data of oil price in two markets ranging from May 2000 to May 2005.

The paper proposed a network port risk evaluation model,incorporating the aspect of the authority that attacker aiming to gain,the number of TCP or UDP links on each port,the history of vulnerability,based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System,which improves the accuracy of vulnerability evaluation.

Risk Assessment Method of ERP Based on Risk Matrix;

Then, a comprehensive fuzzy evaluation model for physical explosion risk of power conduit in steel and iron plants is established based on the factors' weight calculation with AHP (analytic hierarchy process), and a risk matrix is used to d.

The grade compartmentalize rules of fault frequency and consequence for urban natural gas pipeline are given, and semi - quantitative risk matrix is applied to risk primary so.

From the different attitude of representative investor to downside risk and upside risk,assets pricing models in one period were put forward based on "bear market" and "bull market".

This article compares and analyses the suitability and constrain of above three indexes,and points out that China s open-ended funds should use″downside risk″as appraisal index in measurement of risk and adjustment of investment return.