This paper describes an incoherent DLL which is often used in code tracking,and analyses its tracking error variance based on three jamming patterns,namely the CW,wide-band and part-band jamming patterns.

Firstly the paper decomposed of tracking error variances of sample index funds in order to analyze their historical risk levels.

At first,we analyze sample index funds\' historical risk levels as well as their risk structure by means of decomposition of tracking error variance.

Zero-tracking error servo controller based on feedforward and adaptive filter;

Empirical Research on SSE 50 ETF s Tracking Error;

Indexing Investment Models and Performance Evaluation Based on Tracking Error;

In direct conversion navigation receiver,due to the IQ mismatch,there will be track error in carrier phase and code phase.

As a kind of predictive control algorithms based on step response, dynamic matrix control algorithm ensure system’s control characteristic via optimizing track error and restricting increment of the control signal.

Finally the track error of single input system was analyzed and the solving method was given.

Non-arbitrage interval for Shanghai-Shenzhen 300 Index future is estimated after taking consideration of such factors as transaction cost,margin requirement and tracking errors.