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1)  diseases at heading stage
穗期病害
1.
Causes of the outbreak of diseases at heading stage in seed production plots of two- line system hybrid rice and the control measures;
两系稻制种穗期病害发生较重的原因及防治措施
2)  Early diseases
早期病害
1.
Forming reasons and protecting measures of early diseases on bitumen road surface;
沥青路面早期病害形成原因及防治措施
3)  Early disease
早期病害
1.
Discussion on the early disease of express highway asphalt pavement and preventing measures
浅谈高速公路沥青路面早期病害及预防措施
2.
This article analyzed the early disease of flexible bridge deck pavement of steel concrete bridge as well as the cause of it.
对钢筋混凝土桥柔性桥面铺装的早期病害及其原因进行了分析,在总结当前国内桥面铺装结构分析主要方法的基础上,通过理论分析,提出了用有限元进行结构分析时,需要重点研究的几个问题,指出了今后主要的研究方向。
3.
This paper introduces the corresponding solving countermeasures to some kinds of early diseases of asphalt pavement.
针对沥青路面早期病害的主要表现形式,介绍了相应的处理措施。
4)  early damage
早期病害
1.
In recent years, with the increasing of traffic volume and the number of heavy vehicle, many concrete bridges have brought about early damages at the different degrees, some of which are very serious.
该方法可以有效地减少和防止混凝土桥的早期病害,保证和提高混凝土桥的耐久性。
5)  seedling disease
苗期病害
1.
Relationship between kenaf seed borne fungi and the seedling diseases;
红麻种子携带真菌与苗期病害发生的关系
2.
The techniques of diagnosing and controlling corn seedling diseases were studied in the fields and greenhouses by artificial inoculation and marked plant investigation.
采用常规的方法对玉米苗期病害发生进行了诊断及防治技术研究。
3.
The effects of seed coating treatment on the control of seedling disease, growth and yield of corn were studied by plot and field experiment, during 1996-1997 in Henan province.
作者于1996~1997年在河南封丘等四地采用小区和大田试验,就种衣剂包衣玉米种子防治苗期病害及对生长和产量的影响进行研究。
6)  seedling stage disease
苗期病害
1.
A sound reasoning and scientific diagnoses are made to the seedling stage disease of Muskmelon Grown in green-house,and practical countermeasures and control techniques are proposed,based on the systematic researches and observation.
从错综复杂的环境生态因素入手 ,通过田间定点观察、系统调查和实验室培养检验分析 ,对大棚甜瓜幼苗病害进行了严密的推理诊断 ,排除生物病原真菌、细菌、线虫和病毒大面积侵染幼苗发病的可能 ,揭示了由于技术失误造成大棚甜瓜苗期病害的真实原因 ,并针对生产实际提出了切实可行的防治措施和策略 。
补充资料:欧洲式期权、美国式期权与亚洲式期权


欧洲式期权、美国式期权与亚洲式期权


  【欧洲式期权、美国式期权与亚洲式期权】期权合约所规定的权利有一定的时效期,过了失效日后,权利即行作废。一些期权规定权利仅能在有效期的最后一天执行,这种期权被称为欧洲式期权(ell功pean叩tions);另一些期权则容许在有效期内任何一天执行,这种期权被称为美国式期权(一~oPtions)。值得指出的是,虽名为欧洲式或美国式期权,但已无任何地理上的意义。由于欧洲式期权的规定过于严格,又出现了一种“改变的欧洲式期权”,它允许期权在一定的时间范围内进行交易。可见,美国式期权为期权购买者提供了更多的选择机会,因此,它的购买者也往往需支付更高的保险费。近年来无论在欧洲或美国,所交易的期权均以美国式为主,欧洲式期权虽仍存在,但其交易量已比不上美国式期权。 在so年代末期,市场上又出现了一种所谓亚洲式期权(asian ontions),但也无地理上的意义,其差别主要在于履约价值(exe而sev公此)的计算。以买权为例,无论是美国式期权或是欧洲式期权,执行权利所能得到的履约价值均为当时标的物的市价减去履约价格,再乘以合约所定的数量,但亚洲式期权的履约价值则为权利期间内标的物市价的平均(计算至履约日为止),减去履约价格,再乘以合约所定的数量。
  
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