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1)  cold tolerance gene
孕穗期耐冷基因
1.
CAPs marker-assisted selection for cold tolerance gene at the booting stage in rice;
水稻孕穗期耐冷基因的CAPs标记辅助选择
2)  cold tolerance at the booting stage
孕穗期耐冷性
1.
Under cold damage circumstances in Kunming,the cold tolerance at the booting stages of F1,F2,F3 and F4 generation of hybrids by usgeneration,plant height,peduncle length,node length under spike,filled grains per panicle,total grains per panicle of F3 and F4 populations were significantly positive correlated.
在昆明低温冷害条件下,以02428与合系35配制的杂种F1,F2,F3和F4等为材料进行孕穗期耐冷性遗传研究。
3)  cold tolerance at booting stage
孕穗期耐冷性
1.
The F2 populations were backcrossed by NIL (BC4F5) from Donor parent (Kunmingxiaobaigu) and recurrent parent (Towada) made appraisal cold tolerance at booting stage in two disaster condition of Kunming and Allying in 2003.
2003年在阿子营和昆明2种冷害条件下,用昆明小白谷耐冷基因供体培育的近等基因系(NIL,BC4F5) 与轮回亲本回交的5个BC5F2群体进行孕穗期耐冷性鉴定,用王建康等(1997)主基因-多基因混合遗传模型对这些群体进行耐冷性遗传分析。
2.
The F2 populations were hybrided by NIL (BC4F5) from donor parent (Kunming xiaobaogu) and towada and planted under Kunming (elevation 1 916 m, temperature is 18-21℃) in 2002 and Aziying (elevation 2 150 m, temperature is 19℃) cold damage circumstances in 2003, two populations about cold tolerance at booting stage were analyzed to study gene effect using major gene plus poly-gene mixed model.
17%,孕穗期耐冷性以主基因利用为主;主基因中加性效应明显,2对主基因基因效应不等,以第1对主基因的加性效应为主;在孕穗期耐冷性遗传中,主基因的加性、显性及主基因之间的相互作用普遍存在。
4)  cold tolerance at the booting
孕穗期耐冷性
1.
Cold tolerance at the booting stage of recombinant inbred lines (RIL) were analyzed undert indica and japonica rice cropping regions by using Kunmingxiaobaigu and Dalizaoxian, Yunnan rice landrace, and their F7 and F8 generation.
以昆明小白谷和大理早籼杂交培育的孕穗期耐冷性重组近交系(RIL)为材料进行籼粳稻区水稻耐冷性研究。
5)  evaluation of cold tolerance at booting stage
孕穗期耐冷性评价
6)  cold tolerance at booting and flowering stage
孕穗开花期耐冷性
补充资料:欧洲式期权、美国式期权与亚洲式期权


欧洲式期权、美国式期权与亚洲式期权


  【欧洲式期权、美国式期权与亚洲式期权】期权合约所规定的权利有一定的时效期,过了失效日后,权利即行作废。一些期权规定权利仅能在有效期的最后一天执行,这种期权被称为欧洲式期权(ell功pean叩tions);另一些期权则容许在有效期内任何一天执行,这种期权被称为美国式期权(一~oPtions)。值得指出的是,虽名为欧洲式或美国式期权,但已无任何地理上的意义。由于欧洲式期权的规定过于严格,又出现了一种“改变的欧洲式期权”,它允许期权在一定的时间范围内进行交易。可见,美国式期权为期权购买者提供了更多的选择机会,因此,它的购买者也往往需支付更高的保险费。近年来无论在欧洲或美国,所交易的期权均以美国式为主,欧洲式期权虽仍存在,但其交易量已比不上美国式期权。 在so年代末期,市场上又出现了一种所谓亚洲式期权(asian ontions),但也无地理上的意义,其差别主要在于履约价值(exe而sev公此)的计算。以买权为例,无论是美国式期权或是欧洲式期权,执行权利所能得到的履约价值均为当时标的物的市价减去履约价格,再乘以合约所定的数量,但亚洲式期权的履约价值则为权利期间内标的物市价的平均(计算至履约日为止),减去履约价格,再乘以合约所定的数量。
  
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