If an encoder offering accurate angles of the workpiece rotation was installed on the spindle,then the off-axis aspheric surfaces can be machined by employing cylindrical coordinate machining method.

Linear error compensation model of profile's guide for off-axis aspherics;

Study on asphericity of large aperture square off-axis aspherics and applications;

To ensure the accuracy of conic surface in the fabrication of off-axis aspheric section,it is important to control the current surface parameters,such as the lateral displacement,tilt angle,the paraxial radius and the conic constant.

In order to improve the fabrication results of polishing off-axis aspheric in Computer Controlled Optical Surfacing(CCOS),a novel algorithm named adaptive programming model to generate a polishing tool-path is discussed based on the balance principle of particle system and the thought of averaging power.