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1)  boxed cofferdam
套箱
1.
This paper gives a brief account of design,fabrication and installation of the lightweight boxed cofferdam with bottom for construction of the in-water pile caps of Modaomen Bridge,and also formation of the load-carrying system,internal support system and actual construction application of the cofferdam.
简要介绍磨刀门特大桥水中承台轻型有底套箱的设计、加工、安装,及其承重系统、内撑系统的形成和实际施工情况。
2.
At the time before the steel boxed cofferdams for the elevated pile caps of the Bridge are installed over sea,the regularities of tides,wind and sea waves should be well understood,and the construction should be accordingly organized in a reasonable way so that the time for installation of the cofferdams can effectively controlled and the construction safety risk can be reduced.
东海大桥海上施工环境恶劣,安全风险大,海上套箱安装时必须把握好潮汐、风、浪等自然规律,合理组织,有效控制套箱安装时间,降低海上施工的安全风险。
3.
The pylon bases of the north channel bridge of Hangzhou Bay Sea-Crossing Bridge are constructed with steel boxed cofferdam with bottom.
杭州湾跨海大桥北航道桥主塔承台采用有底钢套箱方法施工,承台套箱与防撞套箱相结合,底板利用钻孔平台,套箱侧模分块加工、安装,承台混凝土分2次浇筑。
2)  steel box
钢套箱
1.
The design and construction of the steel box of Yongding new river super large Bridge;
永定新河特大桥钢套箱的设计与施工技术
2.
Drilling pile construction of depth foundation steel box;
深水基础钢套箱钻孔桩施工
3.
2 pier of Wen-Fu railway Aojiang super large Bridge,the plan of using steel box in the basis construction is put forward,in which the key points in No.
针对温福铁路敖江特大桥2号墩处水文、地质条件,提出采用钢套箱进行基础施工的方案,重点介绍了2号墩基础施工技术要点,为类似工程施工提供了参考借鉴。
3)  steel boxed cofferdam
钢套箱
1.
This paper introduces three major construction schemes of the steel cofferdam,steel platform and steel boxed cofferdam for deep-water bridge foundations,makes a study of the advantages and disadvantages of the three schemes and also gives applicable conditions of each of the schemes.
介绍钢围堰方案、钢平台方案和钢套箱方案3种主要的桥梁深水基础施工方案,对方案的优缺点进行了研究,并给出了3种方案各自的适用情况。
2.
The steel boxed cofferdam for the south pylon of the 3rd Nanjing Changjiang River Bridge is a dumbbell-shape structure and the launching of its first integral segment is a key step in the construction.
南京长江第三大桥南塔钢套箱为哑铃形结构,首节段的整体下水是其施工中的关键环节。
3.
During the constructions of pile caps,the steel boxed cofferdam coheres with steel pipe piles after pouring bottom concrete,the bond effect between them determines whether the pile cap constructions succeed or fail.
承台施工时,钢套箱浇筑封底混凝土,与钢管桩粘结在一起,二者之间的握裹效果决定了承台施工的成败。
4)  bottomless jacket
无底套箱
1.
22 pier cap of Gaozan Bridge by means of large-size bottomless jackets,this paper mainly introduces a method which utilizes the friction force between steel liners and concrete to overcome adverse factor,i.
介绍高赞大桥22#承台在采用大尺寸无底套箱施工时,利用钢护筒与混凝土之间的摩阻力克服封底后抽水时产生大浮力的不利因素,顺利完成承台从设计到实施的过程。
5)  assembled box
组合套箱
6)  steel jacket box
钢套箱
1.
Steel jacket box cofferdam is a temporary retaining structure designed for bearing platform and bridge pier construction on water,the aim of this study is to provide a dry construction conditions for bearing platform and bridge pier construction on water by means of retaining water of steel jacket box cofferdam and sub-sealing concrete.
套箱围堰是为解决水上承台和水上桥墩施工而设计的临时阻水结构,其作用是通过钢套箱围堰和封底混凝土阻水,为水上承台和水上桥墩的施工提供无水的干施工环境。
2.
During constructing the bored plies or enlarging the foundations,the lighter and more convenient steel jacket box may be used instead of using the steel sheet pile as the cofferdam.
桥梁水下基础施工防水方法较多,当施工钻孔桩或扩大基础时,可以不用钢板桩围堰,而代之以轻便得多的钢套箱
补充资料:阿拉套羊茅
阿拉套羊茅
种中文名:阿拉套羊茅
种拉丁名:Festucaalatavica(St.-yves)Roshev.
种别名:天山羊茅(植物分类学报)
科中文名:禾本科
科拉丁名:Gramineae
属中文名:羊茅属
属拉丁名:Festuca

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形态特征:多年生草本。秆丛生,高30—80cm。叶鞘光滑,叶舌截平,极短;具短而钝(有时直立)的耳状突起,叶舌及耳状突起顶端具细小纤毛,叶片对折或边缘内卷,稀扁平,长1.7—3(4)Cm,宽1—2mm。圆锥花序开展,远超出顶生叶鞘之上,长达7cm;小穗紫色,有光泽,长9—15mm,含3—4花,颖膜质,无毛,披针形,第一颖长4mm,第二颖长4.5—5.5mm,外稃边缘膜质,光滑或几光滑,长6-7mm;花药黄色,常带紫色,长3.5—4.5mm,子房顶端具少量柔毛(图23)。
地理分布:阿拉套羊茅在我国分布于新疆天山、阿尔泰山,塔尔巴哈台山、阿拉套山以及帕米尔,喜马拉雅山西部以及原苏联中亚也有分布。
生态特征:阿拉套羊茅为多年生耐寒早中生或中生密丛型下繁禾草。适宜寒冷半湿润和湿润的山地气候,生态幅度较广,分布于海拔2700—4000m的中山至高山带,习生于亚高山草甸土、高山草甸上和山地暗栗钙土上,是新疆山地温性草甸草原的建群种和优势种、亚高山草甸和高寒草甸的伴生种。阿拉套羊茅在天山北坡西部的伊犁地区通常于5月中下旬返青,6月中旬抽穗,7月中旬开花、7月下旬结实,9月上旬枯黄,在天山南坡返青期要提前20天左右。在天山南坡的阿克苏地区海拔2700—3000m的中山、亚高山带,作为建群种与中旱生禾草、莎草及杂类草组成阿拉套羊茅鹅观草(Roe-gneriaSp.)和阿拉套羊茅短柄苔草(Carexpedifor-mis)山地温性草甸草原草地型,群落中常见的还有羊茅(Festucaovina)、天山异燕麦(Helictotrichontianschancum)、蒙古异燕麦(H.Mongoli-cum)、针茅(Stipacapillata)、无芒雀麦(Bromusinermis),草原糙苏(Phlomispratensis)、草原老鹳草(Geraniumpratense)等,草层高15—40cm,植被盖度50—70%,每公顷产鲜草2445—4380kg。在伊犁地区海拔3000—3100m的高山带,它常以伴生种参与以西伯利亚羽衣草(Alchemillasibirica)、黑花苔草(C.Melanan-tha)、高山早熟禾(Poaalpina),山地糙苏(ph.oreophila)等组成的高寒草甸草地型。
饲用价值:阿拉套羊茅分蘖力强,叶量丰富,形成密集的株丛,耐践踏,冬季残留好,属放牧型牧草,也可刈草利用。其草质柔软,适口性好,各类家畜喜食,尤其绵羊和牦牛最喜食。根据化学成分分析,其有营养价值的化学成分含量也较高(表23—1、23—2),对家畜夏秋季抓膘具有重要意义。
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