Application of equal load of soil layer methods in design of retaining wall;

The paper introduces the definition of equivalent circle zone and studies on the effect of different overburden depth and different jack thrust forces on the deformation of the ground surface.

Based on understanding the reason of ground surface deformations resulting from the construction of shield tunnel,the effects of the shield tail void,the degree of filling grout and the disturbance of soil around the tunnel on the ground deformations are generalized as an equivalent circle zone,and the degree of sensitivity of the surface deformation to its parameters is also discussed.

With respect to the forming mechanism of soil displacement and constructing characteristics of the shield tunnel, the concept of equivalent circle zone is supposed.

The conjugate gradient method is adopted for optimization procedure and equivalent ground loss model is utilized to evaluate ground movement.

It expatiates the physical significance of double parameters in dividing building place classification,commentates present problems in dividing building place classification,indicates that soil layer equivalent cutting wave speed can not be used to divide the style of place soil,also can not use soil layer equivalent cutting wave speed value to average place.