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1)  Reef explosion
炸礁
1.
On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of incoming flow and sand,pattern of sediment deposition and feature of obstructing navigation of Chishui River,It s proposed that the width of the silting-up reach be restricted by means of regulating structures,reef explosion and dredging,which was proved from model test.
分析赤水河来水来沙特性、泥沙淤积和碍航特点,提出用整治建筑物、炸礁与疏浚等手段束窄滩段河宽,并通过模型进行论证。
2.
By explaining the inside port reef explosion of first term construction of Qianwan Dock, the researchers have further proved the feasibility of inside port reef explosion of large scale deep water docks after principle part of the project being completed as well as the required technical measures.
介绍了前湾港一期工程杂货码头港池炸礁情况,证实了深水大型码头在主体工程完成后,进行港池内礁岩爆破作业的可行性和必须采取的技术措施。
2)  Reef blasting technology
炸礁技术
3)  Underwater reef blasting
水下炸礁
1.
Underwater reef blasting has been extensively employed in marine traffic engineering.
水下炸礁爆破在水运工程中有着广泛的应用。
2.
The link and explosion transmission of non-electric detonator network were analyzed and the cause of misfire during underwater reef blasting with the network was found out.
分析了非电导爆管起爆网络的连接和传爆过程,找出了采用该起爆网络进行水下炸礁时,炮孔装药产生拒爆的原因。
3.
Taking the example of scattered underwater reef blasting in shallow shoal section upstream from the Pantan Shoal under the 2 nd Phase Xijinag Project, the paper illustrates the construction difficulties and countermeasures for large-area underwater reef blasting within the critical depth zone.
以西江二期滩上游浅段零星水下炸礁为例 ,阐述水下炸礁工程中大面积临界水深区域的施工难度和解决办
4)  rock blasting in waterway
航道炸礁
5)  Reef blasting engineering
炸礁工程
6)  underwater reef explosion
水下炸礁
1.
Evaluation on Influence of underwater reef explosion in fishery resource in channel project of Tiaozhoumen Harbor Area;
条帚门航道工程水下炸礁对渔业资源的影响评估
2.
The work amount of underwater reef explosion for the Lanshan Harbor berthing works is 18×10~4 m~3, some advanced techniques such as downhole millisecond priming, interhole millisecond priming, exposed explosion and detonator priming were used in the process of construction, and the construction parameter calculation, construction technique and safety measures are outlined.
岚山港通用泊位工程水下炸礁工程量为18×104m3,施工中采用了孔内毫秒微差爆破、孔间毫秒微差爆破、裸露爆破和导爆管起爆等先进技术。
补充资料:炸礁
      用炸药爆破水下岩石,常用于浚深、拓宽航道和港池,清除碍航礁石,开挖码头、船闸、船坞等水工建筑物的基坑。爆破方法有水下裸露爆破、钻孔爆破和硐室爆破三种。水下炸礁,对附近地面和水体会产生较强的震动效应和水冲击波,应对附近保护对象进行监测,划定危险区域,严格控制一次起爆炸药量。必要时对重要建筑物采取气泡帷幕等防护措施。
  
  水下裸露爆破  在加工好的炸药包旁边加捆坠石或砂袋,将几个或几十个药包连在一起,构成网状,沉放到水中礁石的表面,在水压力的作用下,不加覆盖进行爆破。这种爆破方法操作简便,机动灵活,但爆炸能量利用率低,炸药消耗量大,多在礁石不厚、零星分散,或流速大、水流紊乱、钻孔困难的条件下采用。中国可在流速5.5米/秒,水深10~15米的条件下进行水下裸露爆破。
  
  水下钻孔爆破  利用炸礁船(又称钻孔爆破船)进行水下钻探爆破。炸礁船有普通式和自升式两种。自升式炸礁船的四角有液压支柱,工作时将支柱下至水底后把船顶升出水面一定高度,以避开急流和波浪的影响,保持船舶的稳定。炸礁船上有钻机和轨道,钻机在轨道上移动以对准钻孔位置。钻孔方法视河床底质而定,在有覆盖层或为破碎的礁石时,一般采用双套管钻进方法,即先下外套管至覆盖层顶以保护钻孔,再把带钻头的内套管钻至覆盖层底,然后用钻具钻孔至要求深度。钻完一孔后立即将钻孔冲洗干净并用堵眼管塞住,防止泥砂进入孔内。全部的孔钻完后,先拔起堵眼管,冲洗钻孔,再把在船上预制好的炸药筒逐个送入孔内,钻孔顶部留40~60厘米用砂堵塞,然后拔起内、外套管,从套管底端取出导线,把各孔导线联成爆破网路并与主导线连接,船舶撤离危险区后通电起爆。这种爆破方法适用范围广,爆破效果较好,但受水深和流速的限制。中国已可在流速4.5米/秒、水深15米的条件下进行水下钻孔爆破。
  
  水下硐室爆破  一般是利用岸边有利地形或在江中露出的孤礁上做挡水围堰,抽水后开挖导硐,挖到爆破位置后开挖药室,把经过防水加工的药包和起爆体装入药室,外用泥砂堵塞,通电起爆。这种爆破方法一次可破碎大量礁石,并能抛掷至较远处,清碴量少,适用于开挖石方量集中、旁边有深槽可容纳抛出石碴的水域。
  
  近年来遥控爆破技术试验成功,起爆不用导线,从根本上消除了爆破网路出现故障的可能性,提高了起爆的可靠性,并有可能在特殊情况下进行控制爆破。
  

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