Analysis of tipper visual vectors and its application;

The concept of pseudo-tipper is proposed and the effects to study the faults by using pseudo-tipped data are presented through model test and field data application.

The characteristics of tipper were not quite understood.

Amplitude of tipper anomaly depends on not only the conductivity contrast between the media at two sides of horizontal nonuniform interface but also the thicknes and conductivity of the overburden along with the field frequency.

Parameters depicting the characteristics of turbulent flow have been obtained, which include turbulent flow intensity, skewness factor and flatness factor, etc.

Presented are the parameters depicting turbulent flow characteristics, such as turbulent flow intensity, skewness factor and flatness factor, etc.

The turbulent characteristic parameters are presented in the paper such as turbulent intensity, skewness factor and flatness factor in a TFF model.

This paper made a forward simulation of tilted fault model by using two-dimension simulation program to calculate the data of tipper and improve the definition of apparent tipper.

In the discussion about the single gap Fraunhofer diffraction, common textbooks give no consideration of the influence of obliquity factor on luminous intensity distribution.

The analytical expressions for the hysteresis loop width in the External Cavity Laser Diode(ECLD) turning range and obliquity factor of necessary condition of hysteresis loop were derived by using H parameter model.