But because of the toxicity of the local anesthetic, especially long effect of local anesthetic bupivacaine as the representation with strong toxicity,so application are restrict in clinic.

A number of reports have appeared implicating neurotoxicity of local anesthetics as a possible cause of neurologic complications after spinal anesthesia.

And the toxicities of anesthetics such as local anesthetics can also result in brain and spinal cord injuries.

Objective To compare the effects of racemic bupivacaine, levobupivacaine and ropivacaine at different concentrations on intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]j) in rat ventricular myocytes induced by KCI using laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM), and to investigate the mechanism of cardiotoxicity of local anesthetics.

Local anesthesia plus 10mg of dexamethasone was used for surgical treatment of patients in Group I, while local anesthesia along was used in Group II without use of dexamethasone.

Objective To discuss the influence on algaesthesis of local anesthetic solution with different temperatures.

Clinical study of temperature of local anesthesia drugs on shivering during epidural anesthesia in human;