The red and black mechanism of the process of dynamic change in the graph, network topology and equipment life cycle in the distribution network is proposed to cope with the frequent change of the model and topology for distribution networks in China.

To control the red and black scars on the surface of the apples by using plasfic film bags is to take the following comprehensive measures:strengthening the planting management,adding more fertilizer,increasing Ca in soil,improving the condition of wind and sun light between the trees,selecting non -static electricity plastic film bags,bagging in time,adjusting humidity in bags and bacterium from.