The technique by which surface decarbonization of Shaw process castings can be completely eradicated was introduced in detail, and the theory is discussed.

Metallurgical defects, heat-treated defects and surface decarbonization cause the fatigue fracture jointly.

Surface Recarburization of Wear-resistant Bainite Steel Castings in Lost Foam Casting;

Effect of Mould Shielded Fluxes on Concasting Billet Surface Carbonization of Ultra-Low-Carbon Steel;

The surface decarburization for steel 60Si2Mn is more serious than for 5160H, because the carbon activity is increased by silicon.

The effect of heating temperature on the surface decarburization of 60Si2Mn spring steel is calculated theoretically in consideration of factors like carbon diffusion and oxidation.

Study on the Effect of Pattern Materials on the Steel Casting Surface Carburizing in EPC Process;