To reach the requirement of viscosity reducer for different application conditions, three kinds of surfactants, including carboxylate type surfactant, nonion-sulfate surfactant, and nonion-carboxylate type surfactant were synthesized by the saponifcation of oil resin, the reaction of polyoxyethylated castor oil (EL) and aminosulfonic acid as well as the reaction of OP and chloroacetic acid.

Heavy oil viscosity reduction mechanism by blending active water is studied on three aspects, i.

General expression of heavy oil viscosity;