It has been very difficult up to now that a certain kind of the gravity anomaly curves can be directly applied to the solution to the physical and geometrical parameters of the inclined step-like buried geological body.

study on step sidewall tilt in ion beam etching of Fresnel lens;

But,a abutment built on the soft clay foundations may exist three hidden dangers as follows:causing excessive differential settlements between abutment and embankment,inducing abutment declines and appearing vertical cracks in abutmemt bottom,resulting abutments slidding to reiver.