1) top and bottom surface
上下表面
2) top and bottom surface dirt accumulation ratio
上下表面积污比
3) The surface cracks from above to below
自上而下表面裂缝
4) thermal difference between upper and lower surface
管板上下表面温差
5) upper and lower interfaces
上下界面
1.
The distributions of strain and stress are not uniform in the whole structure,especially at the vicinity of the upper and lower interfaces and covering plies,there have the phenomenon of stress concentration.
通过分析发现削层结构的应变和应力分布呈现出不均匀现象,尤其在上下界面附近和覆盖层内,出现应力集中现象,这些危险点的存在,严重影响整个结构的性能。
6) adaxial surface
下表面
1.
Reflectances from the abaxial surfaces were greater than that from the adaxial surfaces in the visible and near infrared region at tillering, booting and flowering stage.
在田间条件下测定了 5个氮素水平处理的水稻叶片在分蘖、孕穗和抽穗期的上表面反射率和下表面反射率。
补充资料：八方上下
【八方上下】
（术语）谓四方，四维，上下之十方也。
（术语）谓四方，四维，上下之十方也。
说明：补充资料仅用于学习参考，请勿用于其它任何用途。
参考词条