A bicycloimidazoline derivative terminated polyester was synthesized by using the 17-alkenyl bicycloimidazoline derivative terminated linear polyurethane as the raw material,which could be used as the frictional resistance reducer of crude oil.

Then the measuring method is got by computing algorithm using the value of the friction pressure drop.

Theoretical analysis shows that the effect of the frictional pressure drop on flow measurement can be reduced with a symmetrical structure;the effect of the frictional resistance can be eliminated by measuring the gravity pressure drop which is vertical to the flow direction in the slot segment.

Three special functions of vegetable gum drilling fluid—protect coring function,viscoelastic vibration damping function,frictional resistance function are introduced.

A new water based friction reducer, JHJ, is developed by polymerizing cationic and non ionic monomers under the certain conditions in order to reduce the friction of fracturing fluids in piping string for more fracturing efficiency.

Grounding grid reconstruction,grounding grids horizontal extension,resistance-reducing agent using and natural grounding body utilizing are applied to completely reconstruct the substation grounding grids.