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1)  Tailings [英]['teiliŋ]  [美]['telɪŋ]
尾砂
1.
Test on Cementing Filling by Tailings and Jigging Sands;
尾砂和跳汰砂的胶结充填试验研究
2.
Stuffing and Dosage Calculation of Using High Concentration to Concrete Tailings;
高水固结尾砂充填工艺的充填材料及用量计算
3.
Experimental Study on the Rheological Characteristic of Paste-like Slurry With Tailings as Aggregate;
尾砂作骨料的似膏体料浆流变特性实验研究
2)  Tailing [英]['teiliŋ]  [美]['telɪŋ]
尾砂
1.
Influence of Solidified Tailing Concentration on Initial Fluidity and Strength;
尾砂浓度对固化尾砂初始流动性和强度的影响
2.
Study on consolidated fill with tailing in the downward drift slicing and backfilling;
下向分层进路充填采矿法中采用尾砂胶结充填的研究
3)  mine tailing
尾矿砂
1.
Effects of soil amendments on the characters of mixed soil(copper mine tailing and garden soil) and on the growth of ryegrass on it;
改良剂对铜矿尾矿砂与菜园土混合土壤性质及黑麦草生长的影响
2.
To study the water-holding capacities of the artificial soil composed of fly ash, sewage sludge and mine tailing, which was applied to the abandoned rock mining junkyard reclamation, experiments were designed to simulate rainfall and natural evaporation.
通过模拟降雨及降雨后自然条件下的土壤表面水分蒸发,对粉煤灰、城市污泥及采自于铁矿山上的尾矿砂以不同比例配比用于无土排岩场生态修复人工土壤的持水性能进行了研究。
3.
The effect of application EDTA as enhanced reagent and applying different voltage drop on the copper electrokinetic processes in a Cu mine tailingswas examined.
采用电动处理装置,研究了施加不同电压和添加不同浓度EDTA对铜尾矿砂电动处理过程的影响。
4)  classified tailings
分级尾砂
1.
HTG-45 ceramic filter was selected as the dewatering equipment for classified tailings, and the industrial experiments show that the capacity of HTG-45 and the moisture of the treated tailings can meet the need of the backfilling system,and the energy consumption is only 25.
采用国产的BST-6及HTG-1陶瓷过滤机对凡口铅锌矿的分级尾砂进行了过滤试验,通过对比,选定了HTG-45作为分级尾砂的过滤设备。
2.
In this paper,the setting property of cement-classified tailings backfill slurry has been tested,according to test parameters,the trend curve of setting property under all kinds of conditions,the change laws of settling property with consistency and mix proportion have been analyzed.
文中对矿山水泥-分级尾砂充填料浆进行沉降测试,根据测得的试验参数,得到各种情况下沉降参量的变化趋势线,分析了沉降参量随浓度、配比的变化规律。
5)  fine tail sand
细粒尾砂
1.
The authors discussed the procedures for dewatering the fine tail sand after analyzing the feature of the sand,water and water force,as well as the relations between permeability and time for dewatering.
尾砂的特征、含水性质及水力学关系,导出尾砂渗透系数值与脱水所需时间的关系公式,阐述细粒尾砂脱水的工艺措施。
6)  hydraulic backfill tailings
水力尾砂
补充资料:油井防砂和清砂
      对疏松油层进行层内胶固,在井筒内下筛管防止油层砂进入井内,以保证油井、注水井的正常生产,称防砂。
  
  防砂 胶结疏松的砂岩颗粒随油、水进入井筒或携带至地面,会冲蚀、磨损、堵塞深井泵和管线以及地面设备,或沉积于井底,堵塞油层,使油井减产或停产;甚至油层坍塌,挤毁套管,导致油井大修或报废。采油时应根据生产动态、砂样分析及声波测井等资料,及时了解出砂原因、层位及性质,采取有效的防砂措施。防砂措施有筛管滤网和化学胶固两类,前者适用于各种完井方式,应用较广,后者主要用在套管射孔完成的井。通过试油、试采已证实出砂的油层,应考虑防砂完井。
  
  筛管滤网防砂 也称机械防砂,将多缝筛管固定在带孔的钢管上,下至出砂层段并用携砂液将一定粒径的砂粒循环填充于筛管外,靠管外砂粒所形成的桥拱,滤阻油层出砂。对油层单一、无水、气夹层的井,可采用先期防砂。即油层部分用扩眼钻头扩眼后,再下入筛管填砂(见图)。对多层合采或有水、气夹层的井,用射孔完井。清洗套管和炮眼后,再在套管内下筛管填砂。筛管的结构,从割缝到外包金属网或预填砾石,发展到用有机或无机材料预制滤管。目前多用梯形截面的不锈钢丝点焊成强度高、渗滤面大、耐腐蚀的金属绕丝滤管。此法要求根据砂样粒度分析资料,选定筛管缝宽及填入砂粒的直径。
  
  
  化学防砂 向出砂油层注入一定量的化学胶结剂,将油层砂子胶固在一起。常用的胶结剂有树脂类(如酚醛树脂、环氧树脂等),有时也用水泥类材料。要求胶结剂在固结时体积收缩,或加入增孔剂,造成一定的渗透性,以尽量减少对产量的影响。对已经大量出砂的油层,用下列方法形成有渗透性的人工井壁:①将砂与胶结剂按比例混合后,挤入地层;②预先向出砂层填砂,再将原料如甲醛和苯酚以及固化剂按序挤入地层,在地层条件下合成树脂;③石英砂外包一层树脂,在未完全固化前挤入地层,在油层温度条件下固化;④用N2作载体把SiCl4蒸气引入油层,使之分解,析出的Si对疏松砂子起胶结作用。化学防砂的优点是可用于同井多油层防砂,不缩小井眼;缺点是成本较高,易降低出砂层的生产能力,对于油井先期防砂或注水井防砂,效果较好。
  
  清砂 清除井底沉砂,一般下入油管,用洗井液循环冲洗,带出地面。炮眼内积砂,用专门的洗井封隔器分段冲洗。井下深井泵等设备内的积砂,须将设备起出地面,检查清理。
  
  

参考书目
   T. O. Allen & A.P.Roberts, Production Opera- tions,Vol.2,2nd ed.,Oil & Gas Consultants Inter-national,Tulsa,1982.
  

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